Redundancy is the temporary suspension or permanent termination of employment of an employee or, more commonly, a group of employees for business reasons, such as personnel management or downsizing (reducing the size of) an organization.

Redundancy directly affects people

Denial stage is the first stage in the emotional reaction to change or layoffs, in which an employee denies that an organization change or layoff will occur.

Anger stage is the second stage of the emotional reaction to downsizing, in which an employee becomes angry at the organisation.

Fear stage is the third emotional stage following an announcement of layoff, in which employees worry about how they will survive financially.

Acceptance stage is the fourth and final stage of the emotional reaction to downsizing, in which employees accept that layoffs will occur and are ready to take steps to secure their future.